Mandy新聞英語閱讀

本週補充過往挪威冷血殺手的新聞，
可以看出這些極右派extremeist 的想法，以及其他相關terrorists的論點。
下半部有中文相關新聞，可以先看一下熟悉背景知識。再看英文的部分就會比較清楚。
明天會再貼關於terrorist 首腦 賓拉登死亡的新聞，會有更多terrorist的論述。

Photo-Courtesy of Time Magazine

------------------
Sunday, Jul. 24, 2011
Killer's Manifesto: The Politics Behind the Norway Slaughter

Article-Courtesy of Time Magazine

By William Boston

A picture of Anders Behring Breivik taken from a book downloaded from a link posted on the Norwegian discussion website www.freak.no
Reuters

Shortly before his deadly rampage on July 22, Anders Behring Breivik did something millions of people do today — he checked in one last time with his friends on Facebook. The farewellmessage he posted was just as much a part of his murderous plan as the carnage he was about to unleash in Oslo and at a tranquil island retreat, which left at least 93 people dead in the bloodiest act of terrorism in Norway since World War II.

Breivik's final Facebook entry was a massive 1,516-page document and a link to a video on YouTube. He created the manifesto and the video long before the attacks in order to control what would be said about him in the media after he committed his slaughter and was free to post no more. He also encouraged his more than 7,000 Facebook friends to use his manifesto as a blueprint for action.

The document, 2083: A European Declaration of Independence, is something of a template for right-wing terrorism, a rambling manifesto that at times rails at "cultural Marxists" and "multiculturalism" and blames them for the destruction of Western culture. Elsewhere he offers detailed instructions on Web-based self-publishing, comments on his TV habits and provides tips for building a successful terrorist cell. With the exception of some highly personal descriptions of growing up and his pain over the divorce of his parents, the document is eerily reminiscent of the jihadist instruction manuals that have been widely distributed over the Internet since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.

"It is a complete mirroring of al-Qaeda, a cut-and-paste image of a jihadist manifesto," Magnus Ranstorp, a terrorism expert at the Swedish National Defense College, tells TIME.com.

As Norway begins the process of mourningthe victims of Friday's attacks and police continue to question Breivik, a picture of the dark, subterranean world of European nationalists that spawned him is emerging. But even as investigators learn more about the milieu out of which Breivik rose, it is unclear whether he represents a first fighter in a Christian jihad or is merely a deranged lonerwho created a real-world version of his favorite video game, World of Warcraft.
In many places, Breivik's writings are less a true manifesto than a straight-up diary in which he documents the months of planning that preceded his attacks. He describes being part of a secret society that is getting ready to take control of Europe and expel all Muslims. "The time for dialogue is over. We gave peace a chance. The time for armed resistance has come," he wrote.

Apparently skilled at public relations, Breivik even interviewed himself. In a series of questions and answers, he reveals that the trigger for his actions was Norway's involvement in the NATO bombings of Serbia during the Kosovo war in 1999. He also despised Norway's "cowardly handling of the Muhammad cartoons."

In another question, Breivik asks how he would describe his ideology; he says he is part of an indigenous-rights movement whose ideology is cultural conservatism. "I am very proud of my Viking heritage. My name, Breivik, is a place name from Northern Norway, dating back to before the Viking era," he wrote.

The secret society Breivik describes aims to re-create the Knights Templar. Known by their trademark white mantles bearing a red cross, the Knights Templar were skilled fighters during the Crusades who wielded enormous political and economic influence during the Middle Ages. Breivik wrote that there was a secret meeting in London in April 2002 to rebuild the order and that nine people representing eight European countries attended.

Maybe all that happened — or maybe it didn't. "It could all be in his head," Thomas Hegghammer, a terrorism expert at the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment, tells TIME.com. "The document mirrors al-Qaeda ideology in a few important ways. The principal aim is to expel Muslims from Europe, just as al-Qaeda wants to expel Westerners from the holy lands."

But in one very important respect, Breivik is proving to be a different sort of terrorist suspect than the Islamists he both loathes and emulates: he clearly had no intention of becoming a martyr. Instead of fighting to the death with police on Friday, he surrendered immediately and has since been more than willing to talk about his motives. "He has admitted to the facts of both the bombing and the shooting, although he's not admitting criminal guilt," said Sveinung Sponheim, Oslo's acting police chief, at a news conference, Reuters reported. According to his lawyer Geir Lippestad, Breivik "believed the actions were atrocious but that in his head they were necessary."

It will take some time before police can determine if Breivik represents the avant-garde of a new right wing in Europe or if his actions are just political theater — deadly, tragic, well rehearsed, yes, but just the one-off act of an unhinged man. Maybe Breivik is simply trying to secure a place in history. In his interview with himself, he urged his followers to "build your network on Facebook. Follow the guidelines in this book and you will succeed!"
Then, dressed to kill and perhaps savoring a last quiet moment, he closed the manifesto with a final, chilling thought: "I believe this will be my last entry. It is now Fri July 22nd, 12.51."

中文新聞來源：聯合報：
由於原文已從聯合報網站移除，無法提供相關原新聞圖片
此部分僅供參考：

挪威再遭恐攻 掃射夏令營青年 80死


【聯合晚報╱編譯彭淮棟/綜合報導】 2011.07.23 02:44 pm

  
挪威執政黨工黨在烏托亞島的夏令營也遭毒手，部分死者陳屍岩岸。

美聯社

挪威首都奧斯陸市中心22日下午發生爆炸，造成七人喪生，兩個半小時後，在奧斯陸以西40公里內陸湖提里弗德上的烏托亞島，一名男子在執政黨工黨的青年夏令營假扮安檢警員，將青年集合後開槍，至少打死80人，警方表示死亡人數可能還會上升。
這是2005年倫敦地鐵和巴士爆炸造成至少50人喪生以來，西歐最嚴重的恐怖攻擊。

逮捕32歲挪威人 2個案子都是他幹的

警方霹靂小組在烏托亞島上逮捕32歲的挪威人安德斯‧貝林‧布雷維克，在夏令營區搜出尚未引爆的爆炸裝置，認定奧斯陸爆炸和烏托亞島槍擊的凶手都是他，但 作案動機和有無共犯，尚不明朗，警方徹夜偵訊，初步了解這是「國產」恐怖攻擊，和伊斯蘭或其他國際恐怖組織關係不大。有伊斯蘭聖戰組織宣稱爆炸案是他們幹 的，但挪威當局存疑。


奧斯陸政府建築區遭到攻擊，總理辦公室、司法部所在的17層大樓，和其他部會大樓，玻璃大都震碎，現場滿目瘡痍。

美聯社

時 值盛夏，奧斯陸居民大多遠行度假或出城過周末，市區寧靜，下午3時30分 (台北晚上9時30分)，艾納‧格哈森斯方場 (Einar Gerhardsens)突然至少兩次震天爆響，挪威總理史托登柏格辦公室、司法部所在的17層大樓，和其他部會大樓，玻璃大都震碎，六層的石油部起火。 史托登柏格當時在家，但爆炸現場七人喪生，至少十人受傷。

扮警混上小島 集合青年開槍「處決」

兩個多小時後，一名身穿警員制服、高身材的藍眼男子開車來到提里弗德湖邊，亮出證件，自稱當局防範恐怖攻擊，要加強檢測夏令營的安全措施，警衛不疑，派船送他到烏托亞島上。假警察將大群青年召集到他周圍，隨即開槍，生還者以「處決」形容。
島和湖岸之間無橋，至少50多名青少年跳水游泳逃命。警方初步了解十人當場被打死，但目擊者看見島上有20多具屍體，湖中則遍是浮屍，當局後來逐步更新數字。

過去幾天，挪威工黨政要陸續前往烏托亞島演說，包括前總理布倫特蘭。史托登柏格排定23日到此島演說。 

【2011/07/23 聯合晚報】@ http://udn.com/